PSG has now won the season-opening trophy on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the net early on.
Yet, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the final seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for PSG to complete a convincing shootout win.
The record champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 years.